ENHANCE

To promote the 15mC, our team combined data analysis, behavioural research, and scenario modelling. VU develop open-source-based accessibility indicators to measure access to key facilities via active travel. The UK team created a cycling index incorporating both cycle infrastructure and user preferences based on the Level of Traffic Stress framework. VU and Portugal partners (UNL) assessed how urban design, socio-demographics, and travel preferences influence 15mC adoption across different social groups, as well as its potential to reduce car dependency. To overcome data limitations, UNL utilised mobile Call Detail Records and aims to conduct a travel survey in Oeiras. VU also engaged with a Dutch company to leverage individual travel behaviour data for deeper insights into real-world mobility patterns. For scenario modelling, VU and the British team explored integrating behavioural-land use interactions into existing frameworks (e.g., Land Use Scanner and QUANT). Additionally, we fostered knowledge exchange by co-organising a special issue at the 2025 ECTQG conference.

The ENHANCE project contributes to advancing the 15-minute city concept by providing robust, data-driven insights into how accessibility, urban environments, and social dynamics interact to shape sustainable travel behaviour. By developing and applying innovative indicators, behaviour models, and scenario modelling, we support cities in designing environments tailored to local needs and sustainable mobility. Several outputs (e.g., accessibility indicators) are planned to be integrated into the city of Alkmaar’s digital twin platform to inform planning and engage local stakeholders. 

At the same time, addressing data gaps and methodological challenges strengthens the foundation for cross-national learning and policy transferability. Our collaborations with municipalities and transport agencies promote more responsive, evidence-based planning, while the active engagement of BSc and MSc theses embeds this knowledge in future generations of planners and researchers. Through scientific exchange and capacity building, we aim to foster long-term institutional and societal shifts toward equitable and sustainable urban mobility.